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Samuel Herbert (Sam) Cohen (1918–1969)

by Julian Phillips

This article was published:

Samuel Herbert Cohen (1918-1969), by Gabe Carpay, 1965

Samuel Herbert Cohen (1918-1969), by Gabe Carpay, 1965

Australian War Memorial, P02297.004 [detail]

Samuel Herbert (Sam) Cohen (1918-1969), politician and barrister, was born on 26 October 1918 at Bankstown, Sydney, elder child of Max Lazarus Cohen, tailor's cutter, and his wife Fanny Dinah, née Fagelman, both Russian born. Having spent his childhood at Leeds, England, Max had come to Sydney as a young man and married there. In 1925 he moved with his family to Melbourne, where Sam was educated at Elwood Central School, Wesley College and the University of Melbourne (B.A., LL.M., 1942). A gifted student, he achieved his education through scholarships.

At university Sam entered student life enthusiastically: he was president of the Students' Representative Council, a founding member of the National Union of Australian University Students and active in the theatre. On 11 May 1942 he enlisted in the Militia and was posted to Major Alfred Conlon's research section at Land Headquarters, Melbourne. Cohen was subsequently seconded to the (Australian) Universities Commission in Sydney. He was discharged as a sergeant on 29 April 1943.

Influential in Jewish communal affairs in Melbourne, Cohen was a founding member (1942) and later president of the Jewish Council to Combat Fascism and Anti-Semitism. This body became embroiled in the politics of the Cold War and many—both in the Jewish community and outside—castigated it as a communist-front organization. Cohen strenuously rejected the criticism. In 1948 he was secretary of the first United Israel Appeal. His interests also extended to Jewish welfare, the Montefiore Homes and the Friends of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.

In 1946 Cohen had been admitted to the Victorian Bar. He practised in common law, became a specialist in industrial law and took silk in September 1961. On 3 May 1953 at the Great Synagogue, Sydney, he had married Judith Jacqueline Selig, a solicitor and niece of Rieke Cohen. A member (from 1946) of the Australian Labor Party, in 1961 he was chosen for a safe position on Labor's Victorian ticket for the Senate in preference to Maurice Ashkanasy. Cohen took his seat on 1 July 1962. His political opponents tried to ambush him by instigating a debate in the Upper House on 18 October on the persecution of Jews in the Soviet Union: Cohen's response resulted in widespread controversy.

Skilled, persuasive and eloquent, he soon made his mark in the chamber where he became party spokesman on education, legal issues and matters relating to science, radio, television and culture. In 1962-63 he was prominent on the much-publicized Senate select committee on the encouragement of Australian productions for television. Elected deputy-leader of the Opposition in the Senate in 1967, Cohen was appointed shadow minister on education, science, communications and the arts. He served as a council-member of the Australian National University and as an executive-member of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization. That year, at the University of Western Australia, he delivered the Curtin memorial lecture, 'Education in the 1970's', in which he laid the blueprint of the education policy later implemented by the Whitlam government. Cohen played a crucial role in the A.L.P.'s policy change to assist all schools on the basis of need.

An ebullient man of unfailing courtesy and great integrity, Cohen consistently demonstrated his clarity and strength of argument. He never resorted to guile or invective, and made no enemy in the parliament. Although he was a member of the left faction of the A.L.P., he was respected as a healer and as one who endeavoured to achieve consensus. After addressing an election meeting in Adelaide, Cohen collapsed and died of cardiac infarction on 7 October 1969 at Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville; he was accorded a state funeral and buried in Melbourne general cemetery. His wife and two daughters survived him. A portrait by Louis Kahan hangs in the Hebrew University of Jerusalem; another by the same artist is in the family's possession. In 1970 Cohen was posthumously given the Maurice Ashkanasy award for Australian Jew of the Year (1969). A Senator Cohen memorial lecture was established; the first was delivered by R. J. L. Hawke on 6 October 1971.

Select Bibliography

  • Alfred Conlon (priv print, Syd, 1963)
  • R. J. L. Hawke, 'Masada, Moscow and Melbourne', The Inaugural Senator Cohen Memorial Lecture (Melb, 1967)
  • P. Y. Medding, From Assimilation to Group Survival (Melb, 1968)
  • Parliament of Commonwealth of Australia, A Tribute to the Memory of Senator Samuel Cohen, Q.C. (Canb, 1969)
  • C. Holding, 'The Labor Case for Israel', Senator Cohen Memorial Lecture (Melb, 1975)
  • Jewish Museum of Australia, Diversity and Development, exhibition catalogue (Melb, 1985)
  • S. D. Rutland, Edge of the Diaspora (Syd, 1988)
  • W. D. Rubinstein, The Jews in Australia, vol 2 (Melb, 1991)
  • Australian Jewish History Society, Journal, 10, no 6, May 1989, p 524, no 7, Nov 1989, p 598, 11, no 1, Nov 1990, p 160
  • private information.

Citation details

Julian Phillips, 'Cohen, Samuel Herbert (Sam) (1918–1969)', Australian Dictionary of Biography, National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/cohen-samuel-herbert-sam-9779/text17281, published first in hardcopy 1993, accessed online 13 October 2024.

This article was published in hardcopy in Australian Dictionary of Biography, Volume 13, (Melbourne University Press), 1993

View the front pages for Volume 13

© Copyright Australian Dictionary of Biography, 2006-2024

Samuel Herbert Cohen (1918-1969), by Gabe Carpay, 1965

Samuel Herbert Cohen (1918-1969), by Gabe Carpay, 1965

Australian War Memorial, P02297.004 [detail]

Life Summary [details]

Birth

26 October, 1918
Bankstown, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

Death

7 October, 1969 (aged 50)
Woodville, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia

Cultural Heritage

Includes subject's nationality; their parents' nationality; the countries in which they spent a significant part of their childhood, and their self-identity.

Religious Influence

Includes the religion in which subjects were raised, have chosen themselves, attendance at religious schools and/or religious funeral rites; Atheism and Agnosticism have been included.

Occupation
Legacies